ATP Synthase

This model of ATP Synthase (ATPase) lets students explore how a proton concentration gradient is used to store energy in the form of ATP. Protons are placed into the protein through the hole on the topside of the membrane. The protons move into the c-subunit. After each proton is added, rotate the c-subunit. Eventually, the proton will drop out the bottom of the membrane. As the c-subunit is spun, the alpha and beta subunits will move, simulating the conformational changes that occur in order for the protein to combine ADP and Pi to form ATP.

Also included is an actin filament. A fluorescently labeled actin filament was used in the experiment that first demonstrated the spinning motion of ATP synthase. (It would be really cool to use glow in the dark filament to print this part of the model and then recreate the experiment using a UV light).

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